diff --git a/tests/unit/test_filters.py b/tests/unit/test_filters.py
index c426e7c..26bfdfa 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_filters.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_filters.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from vcr.filters import (
     remove_headers, replace_headers,
-    remove_query_parameters,
+    remove_query_parameters, replace_query_parameters,
     remove_post_data_parameters
 )
 from vcr.compat import mock
@@ -66,25 +66,56 @@ def test_remove_headers():
     assert request.headers == {'hello': 'goodbye'}
 
 
-def test_remove_query_parameters():
-    uri = 'http://g.com/?q=cowboys&w=1'
+def test_replace_query_parameters():
+    # This tests all of:
+    #   1. keeping a parameter
+    #   2. removing a parameter
+    #   3. replacing a parameter
+    #   4. replacing a parameter using a callable
+    #   5. removing a parameter using a callable
+    #   6. replacing a parameter that doesn't exist
+    uri = 'http://g.com/?one=keep&two=lose&three=change&four=shout&five=whisper'
     request = Request('GET', uri, '', {})
-    remove_query_parameters(request, ['w'])
-    assert request.uri == 'http://g.com/?q=cowboys'
+    replace_query_parameters(request, [
+        ('two', None),
+        ('three', 'tada'),
+        ('four', lambda key, value, request: value.upper()),
+        ('five', lambda key, value, request: None),
+        ('six', 'doesntexist'),
+    ])
+    assert request.query == [
+        ('four', 'SHOUT'),
+        ('one', 'keep'),
+        ('three', 'tada'),
+    ]
 
 
 def test_remove_all_query_parameters():
     uri = 'http://g.com/?q=cowboys&w=1'
     request = Request('GET', uri, '', {})
-    remove_query_parameters(request, ['w', 'q'])
+    replace_query_parameters(request, [('w', None), ('q', None)])
     assert request.uri == 'http://g.com/'
 
 
-def test_remove_nonexistent_query_parameters():
-    uri = 'http://g.com/'
+def test_replace_query_parameters_callable():
+    # This goes beyond test_replace_query_parameters() to ensure that the
+    # callable receives the expected arguments.
+    uri = 'http://g.com/?hey=there'
     request = Request('GET', uri, '', {})
-    remove_query_parameters(request, ['w', 'q'])
-    assert request.uri == 'http://g.com/'
+    callme = mock.Mock(return_value='ho')
+    replace_query_parameters(request, [('hey', callme)])
+    assert request.uri == 'http://g.com/?hey=ho'
+    assert callme.call_args == ((), {'request': request,
+                                     'key': 'hey',
+                                     'value': 'there'})
+
+
+def test_remove_query_parameters():
+    # Test the backward-compatible API wrapper.
+    uri = 'http://g.com/?q=cowboys&w=1'
+    request = Request('GET', uri, '', {})
+    remove_query_parameters(request, ['w'])
+    assert request.uri == 'http://g.com/?q=cowboys'
 
 
 def test_remove_post_data_parameters():
diff --git a/vcr/filters.py b/vcr/filters.py
index 6433ddb..3fcb9db 100644
--- a/vcr/filters.py
+++ b/vcr/filters.py
@@ -33,17 +33,42 @@ def remove_headers(request, headers_to_remove):
     return replace_headers(request, replacements)
 
 
-def remove_query_parameters(request, query_parameters_to_remove):
+def replace_query_parameters(request, replacements):
+    """
+    Replace query parameters in request according to replacements. The
+    replacements should be a list of (key, value) pairs where the value can be
+    any of:
+      1. A simple replacement string value.
+      2. None to remove the given header.
+      3. A callable which accepts (key, value, request) and returns a string
+         value or None.
+    """
     query = request.query
-    new_query = [(k, v) for (k, v) in query
-                 if k not in query_parameters_to_remove]
-    if len(new_query) != len(query):
-        uri_parts = list(urlparse(request.uri))
-        uri_parts[4] = urlencode(new_query)
-        request.uri = urlunparse(uri_parts)
+    new_query = []
+    replacements = dict(replacements)
+    for k, ov in query:
+        if k not in replacements:
+            new_query.append((k, ov))
+        else:
+            rv = replacements[k]
+            if callable(rv):
+                rv = rv(key=k, value=ov, request=request)
+            if rv is not None:
+                new_query.append((k, rv))
+    uri_parts = list(urlparse(request.uri))
+    uri_parts[4] = urlencode(new_query)
+    request.uri = urlunparse(uri_parts)
     return request
 
 
+def remove_query_parameters(request, query_parameters_to_remove):
+    """
+    Wrap replace_query_parameters() for API backward compatibility.
+    """
+    replacements = [(k, None) for k in query_parameters_to_remove]
+    return replace_query_parameters(request, replacements)
+
+
 def remove_post_data_parameters(request, post_data_parameters_to_remove):
     if request.method == 'POST' and not isinstance(request.body, BytesIO):
         if request.headers.get('Content-Type') == 'application/json':